This topic covers the main threats to data and the measures used to defend against them. Threats include brute-force attacks, data interception, distributed denial of service, hacking, pharming, phishing, social engineering, and malware in its many forms — viruses, worms, trojan horses, spyware, adware and ransomware. Solutions are then covered in the same detail: access levels, anti-malware, authentication including biometrics and two-step verification, firewalls, privacy settings, proxy servers and secure socket layer.
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